Product Blending is a classical resource allocation problem (allocating components to products) and a natural application of mathematical programming.
There are several ways a blend optimization problem can be addressed:
- Single blend off-line optimization is a simple problem of finding the least cost combination of components which satisfies all the quality specifications and are available in sufficient amounts in order to produce the desired product quantity
- Online single product blending: this is a real-time adjustment of the rates of various components in order to keep the blend constantly on specs; it also takes into account an optimization criterion based on component values or quality giveaway penalties
- Multiple blend optimization is about allocating multiple components to multiple blends; this can take place in 2 different time frames:
- Within a planning (LP) context, the model is typically run with 1 period, which means that all components are assumed to be available at any point in time: this is obviously not feasible in practice.
- Within a scheduling context, since the components availability is known on a day-to-day basis, the optimal allocation to the final blends is realistic and feasible in practice
- There is an important variability in product blending situations among refineries depending on:
- The market context: are there any breathing opportunities in the market in terms of imports and exports of small amounts of products or components?
- The refinery tank configuration: running-gauge situations, tank rotations, hot rundown blending…
MULTIPLE PRODUCT BLENDING OPTIMIZATION
Multiple product blending optimization is generally considered to be the most flexible approach to solving the resource allocation problem. Nonetheless, some refiners question its effectiveness as compared to methods based on single product blending. The argument is that single blend optimization allocates the least cost components available at the moment when the blend has to be made.
However, such an argument is valid in only 2 cases:
The case where…
there is very little variability in the quality of both the components produced and blended product grades over time
The case where…
there is no obvious scarcity of components, for instance because of the continuous availability of components for import, or because there are recurrent opportunities for export of several grades of products
Apart from these cases, multiple product blending optimization is by far more economical than single product blending optimization, since the allocation of components to products is done with a much higher flexibility, which makes it possible to drastically minimize quality giveaways.
DHB4.0 for multi-period product blending optimization is a software application part of the Princeps Planning & Scheduling Suite that enables the refinery schedulers to optimize product blending and realize higher value out of the available components.
- DHB4.0 can perform multi-period multi-blend optimization over a planning horizon of several weeks. It is a generic tool that can be easily configured to any refinery and bring instant value for money.
- The Optimization criterion can be total profit (revenue-costs), or penalties on quality specifications giveaway, which is another way of allocating values to components. Other penalty factors can be introduced at various points in order to achieve smooth operations
- DHB4.0 can be used with any commercial solver (Cplex, Gurobi, Xpress, Matlab…), free solver or even we can develop one online environment for optimization purpose.
Besides the standard operations
DHB4.0 can easily handle complex situations recurrent in oil product blending like these 5 elements :
The system takes into account:
- Tanks containing components or finished products and potentially connected to other units of the refinery through input or output flows
- Linear and non-linear blending correlations
- Blender logistics
- This system is considered within a given time frame during which various tank operations can be scheduled: receipts, shipments, transfers or blends.
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